Bio Medical Waste Management
Bio Medical Waste Management:
Bio Medical Waste Management and handling rule 1998. Medical waste program was firstly developed by ministry of invironment and forest. Hospital waste which, generate during the treatment, diagnosis and medical research. Bio Medical Waste means any solid/liquid waste including its container and any intermediated product, which is generate during the diagnosis treatment or immunization of human being or animals.
Step of Waste Management:
Segregation:
into different categories such as infectious waste, sharps waste (needles, syringes ) , chemical waste, pharmaceutical waste, and non hazardous waste.
Collection:
Once separated, waste is collected in appropriate container that are leak proof, puncture resistant, and labelled according to regulations.
Storage:
Waste may need to be stored temporarily on side before disposal. Storage areas must be secure, well ventilated, and accessible only to authorized personal.
Transportation:
Waste is transported from health care facilities to treatment and disposal facilities using disengaged vehicles that comply with safety regulations.
Treatment:
Biomedical waste undergoes treatment processes such as autoclaving ( steam sterilization), incineration, chemical disinfection, or alternative methods to inactivate pathogens and reduce the volume or toxicity of the waste.
Disposal:
Treated waste is disposed of according to local regulations, which may include landfilling, discharge to sewer systems (if permitted), or other approved methods. Some waste, such as sharps, may require special handling or recycling programs.
Types of Dustbin.
1. Yellow Dustbin:
Infection waste non recycle.
Human and animal anatomical waste.(tissue, organs, body parts, placenta and fetus).
Dressing, plaster casts, cotton, swab.
Blood bags.
Blood fluids.
Expired medicines.
2. Red Dustbin:
Infection recycle waste.
All infection plastic items.
Tube and IV sets.
Urine bags or catheter.
Dialysis kit.
Gloves.
IV plastic bottle.
Syringe without needle.
Blue Dustbin:
All glass items.
Broken glassware and metal material.
Glass tube and ampoules.
Lab glass slide.
Metallic implants.
Flask and breaker.
White Dustbin:
It is a leak proof bin.
All infected sharps items.
All blades.
Scalpels.
Syringe with needle.
Metal sharps.
Black/Green Dustbin:
It is used for all types of kitchen waste.(food items).
Waste plastic.
Paper waste.
Tissue paper.
Office paper.
Types of Medical Waste:
1. Chemical Waste:
Laboratory reagents, disinfectants and other chemicals used in health care settings.
2. Infection Waste:
Materials contaminated with blood, bodily fluids, or other potentially infectious materials, such as bandages, swabs and cultures.
3. Pathological Waste:
Human tissues, organs, or body parts, removed during surgery or autopsy.
4. Sharps:
Needles, syringes, lancets and other sharp objects used in medical procedures.
5. Pharmaceutical Waste:
Expired, unused, or contaminated medications, vaccines and other pharmaceutical products.
6. Radiation Waste:
Materials contaminated with radioactive substances used in diagnostics or therapeutic procedures.
7. Genotoxic Waste:
Carcinogenic or mutagenic agents, such as certain chemotherapy drugs and cytotoxic substances.
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